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// Iostreams base classes -*- C++ -*- // Copyright (C) 1997-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. // // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library. This library is free // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the // Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) // any later version. // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the // GNU General Public License for more details. // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation. // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program; // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively. If not, see // <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. /** @file bits/basic_ios.h * This is an internal header file, included by other library headers. * Do not attempt to use it directly. @headername{ios} */ #ifndef _BASIC_IOS_H #define _BASIC_IOS_H 1 #pragma GCC system_header #include <bits/localefwd.h> #include <bits/locale_classes.h> #include <bits/locale_facets.h> #include <bits/streambuf_iterator.h> namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default) { _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION template<typename _Facet> inline const _Facet& __check_facet(const _Facet* __f) { if (!__f) __throw_bad_cast(); return *__f; } /** * @brief Template class basic_ios, virtual base class for all * stream classes. * @ingroup io * * @tparam _CharT Type of character stream. * @tparam _Traits Traits for character type, defaults to * char_traits<_CharT>. * * Most of the member functions called dispatched on stream objects * (e.g., @c std::cout.foo(bar);) are consolidated in this class. */ template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits> class basic_ios : public ios_base { public: //@{ /** * These are standard types. They permit a standardized way of * referring to names of (or names dependent on) the template * parameters, which are specific to the implementation. */ typedef _CharT char_type; typedef typename _Traits::int_type int_type; typedef typename _Traits::pos_type pos_type; typedef typename _Traits::off_type off_type; typedef _Traits traits_type; //@} //@{ /** * These are non-standard types. */ typedef ctype<_CharT> __ctype_type; typedef num_put<_CharT, ostreambuf_iterator<_CharT, _Traits> > __num_put_type; typedef num_get<_CharT, istreambuf_iterator<_CharT, _Traits> > __num_get_type; //@} // Data members: protected: basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>* _M_tie; mutable char_type _M_fill; mutable bool _M_fill_init; basic_streambuf<_CharT, _Traits>* _M_streambuf; // Cached use_facet<ctype>, which is based on the current locale info. const __ctype_type* _M_ctype; // For ostream. const __num_put_type* _M_num_put; // For istream. const __num_get_type* _M_num_get; public: //@{ /** * @brief The quick-and-easy status check. * * This allows you to write constructs such as * <code>if (!a_stream) ...</code> and <code>while (a_stream) ...</code> */ operator void*() const { return this->fail() ? 0 : const_cast<basic_ios*>(this); } bool operator!() const { return this->fail(); } //@} /** * @brief Returns the error state of the stream buffer. * @return A bit pattern (well, isn't everything?) * * See std::ios_base::iostate for the possible bit values. Most * users will call one of the interpreting wrappers, e.g., good(). */ iostate rdstate() const { return _M_streambuf_state; } /** * @brief [Re]sets the error state. * @param __state The new state flag(s) to set. * * See std::ios_base::iostate for the possible bit values. Most * users will not need to pass an argument. */ void clear(iostate __state = goodbit); /** * @brief Sets additional flags in the error state. * @param __state The additional state flag(s) to set. * * See std::ios_base::iostate for the possible bit values. */ void setstate(iostate __state) { this->clear(this->rdstate() | __state); } // Flip the internal state on for the proper state bits, then // rethrows the propagated exception if bit also set in // exceptions(). void _M_setstate(iostate __state) { // 27.6.1.2.1 Common requirements. // Turn this on without causing an ios::failure to be thrown. _M_streambuf_state |= __state; if (this->exceptions() & __state) __throw_exception_again; } /** * @brief Fast error checking. * @return True if no error flags are set. * * A wrapper around rdstate. */ bool good() const { return this->rdstate() == 0; } /** * @brief Fast error checking. * @return True if the eofbit is set. * * Note that other iostate flags may also be set. */ bool eof() const { return (this->rdstate() & eofbit) != 0; } /** * @brief Fast error checking. * @return True if either the badbit or the failbit is set. * * Checking the badbit in fail() is historical practice. * Note that other iostate flags may also be set. */ bool fail() const { return (this->rdstate() & (badbit | failbit)) != 0; } /** * @brief Fast error checking. * @return True if the badbit is set. * * Note that other iostate flags may also be set. */ bool bad() const { return (this->rdstate() & badbit) != 0; } /** * @brief Throwing exceptions on errors. * @return The current exceptions mask. * * This changes nothing in the stream. See the one-argument version * of exceptions(iostate) for the meaning of the return value. */ iostate exceptions() const { return _M_exception; } /** * @brief Throwing exceptions on errors. * @param __except The new exceptions mask. * * By default, error flags are set silently. You can set an * exceptions mask for each stream; if a bit in the mask becomes set * in the error flags, then an exception of type * std::ios_base::failure is thrown. * * If the error flag is already set when the exceptions mask is * added, the exception is immediately thrown. Try running the * following under GCC 3.1 or later: * @code * #include <iostream> * #include <fstream> * #include <exception> * * int main() * { * std::set_terminate (__gnu_cxx::__verbose_terminate_handler); * * std::ifstream f ("/etc/motd"); * * std::cerr << "Setting badbit\n"; * f.setstate (std::ios_base::badbit); * * std::cerr << "Setting exception mask\n"; * f.exceptions (std::ios_base::badbit); * } * @endcode */ void exceptions(iostate __except) { _M_exception = __except; this->clear(_M_streambuf_state); } // Constructor/destructor: /** * @brief Constructor performs initialization. * * The parameter is passed by derived streams. */ explicit basic_ios(basic_streambuf<_CharT, _Traits>* __sb) : ios_base(), _M_tie(0), _M_fill(), _M_fill_init(false), _M_streambuf(0), _M_ctype(0), _M_num_put(0), _M_num_get(0) { this->init(__sb); } /** * @brief Empty. * * The destructor does nothing. More specifically, it does not * destroy the streambuf held by rdbuf(). */ virtual ~basic_ios() { } // Members: /** * @brief Fetches the current @e tied stream. * @return A pointer to the tied stream, or NULL if the stream is * not tied. * * A stream may be @e tied (or synchronized) to a second output * stream. When this stream performs any I/O, the tied stream is * first flushed. For example, @c std::cin is tied to @c std::cout. */ basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>* tie() const { return _M_tie; } /** * @brief Ties this stream to an output stream. * @param __tiestr The output stream. * @return The previously tied output stream, or NULL if the stream * was not tied. * * This sets up a new tie; see tie() for more. */ basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>* tie(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>* __tiestr) { basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>* __old = _M_tie; _M_tie = __tiestr; return __old; } /** * @brief Accessing the underlying buffer. * @return The current stream buffer. * * This does not change the state of the stream. */ basic_streambuf<_CharT, _Traits>* rdbuf() const { return _M_streambuf; } /** * @brief Changing the underlying buffer. * @param __sb The new stream buffer. * @return The previous stream buffer. * * Associates a new buffer with the current stream, and clears the * error state. * * Due to historical accidents which the LWG refuses to correct, the * I/O library suffers from a design error: this function is hidden * in derived classes by overrides of the zero-argument @c rdbuf(), * which is non-virtual for hysterical raisins. As a result, you * must use explicit qualifications to access this function via any * derived class. For example: * * @code * std::fstream foo; // or some other derived type * std::streambuf* p = .....; * * foo.ios::rdbuf(p); // ios == basic_ios<char> * @endcode */ basic_streambuf<_CharT, _Traits>* rdbuf(basic_streambuf<_CharT, _Traits>* __sb); /** * @brief Copies fields of __rhs into this. * @param __rhs The source values for the copies. * @return Reference to this object. * * All fields of __rhs are copied into this object except that rdbuf() * and rdstate() remain unchanged. All values in the pword and iword * arrays are copied. Before copying, each callback is invoked with * erase_event. After copying, each (new) callback is invoked with * copyfmt_event. The final step is to copy exceptions(). */ basic_ios& copyfmt(const basic_ios& __rhs); /** * @brief Retrieves the @a empty character. * @return The current fill character. * * It defaults to a space (' ') in the current locale. */ char_type fill() const { if (!_M_fill_init) { _M_fill = this->widen(' '); _M_fill_init = true; } return _M_fill; } /** * @brief Sets a new @a empty character. * @param __ch The new character. * @return The previous fill character. * * The fill character is used to fill out space when P+ characters * have been requested (e.g., via setw), Q characters are actually * used, and Q<P. It defaults to a space (' ') in the current locale. */ char_type fill(char_type __ch) { char_type __old = this->fill(); _M_fill = __ch; return __old; } // Locales: /** * @brief Moves to a new locale. * @param __loc The new locale. * @return The previous locale. * * Calls @c ios_base::imbue(loc), and if a stream buffer is associated * with this stream, calls that buffer's @c pubimbue(loc). * * Additional l10n notes are at * http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/manual/localization.html */ locale imbue(const locale& __loc); /** * @brief Squeezes characters. * @param __c The character to narrow. * @param __dfault The character to narrow. * @return The narrowed character. * * Maps a character of @c char_type to a character of @c char, * if possible. * * Returns the result of * @code * std::use_facet<ctype<char_type> >(getloc()).narrow(c,dfault) * @endcode * * Additional l10n notes are at * http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/manual/localization.html */ char narrow(char_type __c, char __dfault) const { return __check_facet(_M_ctype).narrow(__c, __dfault); } /** * @brief Widens characters. * @param __c The character to widen. * @return The widened character. * * Maps a character of @c char to a character of @c char_type. * * Returns the result of * @code * std::use_facet<ctype<char_type> >(getloc()).widen(c) * @endcode * * Additional l10n notes are at * http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/manual/localization.html */ char_type widen(char __c) const { return __check_facet(_M_ctype).widen(__c); } protected: // 27.4.5.1 basic_ios constructors /** * @brief Empty. * * The default constructor does nothing and is not normally * accessible to users. */ basic_ios() : ios_base(), _M_tie(0), _M_fill(char_type()), _M_fill_init(false), _M_streambuf(0), _M_ctype(0), _M_num_put(0), _M_num_get(0) { } /** * @brief All setup is performed here. * * This is called from the public constructor. It is not virtual and * cannot be redefined. */ void init(basic_streambuf<_CharT, _Traits>* __sb); void _M_cache_locale(const locale& __loc); }; _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION } // namespace #include <bits/basic_ios.tcc> #endif /* _BASIC_IOS_H */